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SMADs are intracellular proteins that transduce extracellular signals from transforming growth factor beta ligands to the nucleus where they activate downstream gene transcription. The SMADs, which form a trimer of two receptor-regulated SMADs and one co-SMAD, act as transcription factors that regulate the expression of certain genes. ==Classes== There are three classes of SMAD: # The receptor-regulated Smads (R-SMAD) which include SMAD1, SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD5 and SMAD8/9 # The common-mediator Smad (co-SMAD) which includes only SMAD4, which interacts with R-SMADs to participate in signaling # The antagonistic or inhibitory Smads (I-SMAD) which include SMAD6 and SMAD7, which block the activation of R-SMADs and Co-SMADs. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「SMAD (protein)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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